C3sm50468a 8107..8120
نویسندگان
چکیده
Spontaneous symmetry breaking while preserving flow ability is a remarkable feature of nematic liquid crystals. When a nematic liquid crystal coexists with a solid, the surface field of the solid tends to anchor the director direction on the surface: anchoring effects. If geometrical frustration between nematic ordering and anchoring is strong enough, stable topological defects are formed. Defects in an ordered state are usually regarded as undesirable features. However, recent studies reveal that defects stabilized by a topological constraint from the solid surfaces are actually quite useful and open up novel possibilities for defect engineering of liquid crystals: self-organization of soft matter by defects, memory effects of topological origin, and control of flow of nematic liquid crystals and colloid motion by defects. For example, defect reconfiguration accompanying the change in the topology costs a very high energy far beyond the thermal energy, which overwhelms a typical energy scale in soft matter. This provides extreme stability for structures assembled by defects and information memorized in defect topology. Furthermore, effects of topological defects can easily be removed perfectly by a nematic-toisotropic transition, which provides switchable functions. Defects also affect the motion of colloids immersed in a liquid crystal and flow behaviour of a liquid crystal. Here we review recent developments in science and engineering of topological defects in nematic liquid crystals, mainly based on our numerical simulation studies.
منابع مشابه
Asymptotics for ruin probabilities of two kinds of dependent risk models with NLOD inter-arrival times
This paper establishes some asymptotic formulas for the infinite-time ruin probabilities of two kinds of dependent risk models. One risk model considers the claim sizes as a modulated process, and the other deals with negatively upper orthant dependent claim sizes. In the two models, the inter-arrival times are both assumed to be negatively lower orthant dependent.
متن کاملGP73 N-glycosylation at Asn144 reduces hepatocellular carcinoma cell motility and invasiveness
Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) is a potential liver disease glycobiomarker warranting comprehensive analyses of its glycan structure and glycosylation function. In this study, we used mass spectrometry to identify glycosylation sites and the glycan structure, high-throughput lectin microarray to provide rapid and sensitive profiling of glycoconjugates, and site-directed mutagenesis to clarify the impa...
متن کاملMeasurement method for the nuclear anapole moment of laser-trapped alkali-metal atoms
E. Gomez,* S. Aubin, G. D. Sprouse, L. A. Orozco, and D. P. DeMille Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8120, USA Received 17 December 2004; revised manuscript received 16 May 200...
متن کاملI. Production of a Recombinant Inbred Line via Single Seed Descent
Areejit Samal 2, 3 and Olivier C. Martin ∗ Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), CNRS and Univ Paris-Sud, UMR 8626, F-91405 Orsay, France Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste 34151, Italy INRA, UMR 0320 / UMR 8120 Génétique Quantitative et Evolution – Le Mou...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013